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Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA)

Decision ModelsDecision making

Reference model

Cost-Benefit AnalysisA two-by-two grid. The horizontal axis is Costs, from Low to High. The vertical axis is Benefits, from Low to High. The four quadrants are top left: High Benefit, Low Cost; top right: High Benefit, High Cost; bottom left: Low Benefit, Low Cost; bottom right: Low Benefit, High Cost.High Benefit, Low CostIdeal scenario for investment.Do itHigh Benefit, High CostConsider if the benefits justify thecosts.EvaluateLow Benefit, Low CostMinimal impact; proceed with caution.Proceed with cautionLow Benefit, High CostAvoid this scenario; unlikely to beviable.AvoidLowHighCOSTSLowHighBENEFITS

A structured comparison of costs and benefits over time to inform decision-making.

About this model

A systematic approach to estimating the strengths and weaknesses of alternatives in order to determine the best option.

Originator not stated.

How to read it

  • Look for a positive net benefit to justify the investment.
  • Check the payback period to understand how quickly the investment returns value.

What this does

Evaluates the financial implications of a decision by comparing the expected costs against the anticipated benefits, helping to determine the feasibility of a project or investment.

When to use it

Use it when you need to assess whether the benefits of a project outweigh its costs, making it a valuable tool for investment decisions.

Not when: Do not use it when qualitative factors are more important than quantitative ones, or when costs and benefits cannot be reliably estimated.

What happens next

Consider using a sensitivity analysis to understand the impact of varying assumptions on the CBA results.

Golden thread

Builds on ←

  • Project Proposal
  • Risk Assessment

Feeds into →

  • Implementation Plan

Use this tool, free

Sign in to open the worksheet. Your work saves as you type, the AI can draft the parts you have not filled in, and you finish with an analysis and a 30/60/90-day action plan.

Drafted with AI and reviewed by Eccellere on 04/11/2026. Guidance, not advice: apply your own judgement.