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Monte Carlo Simulation

Business analysisRisk management

Reference model

Monte Carlo Simulation ProcessA cycle of 6 steps that repeats: 1, Define the Problem; 2, Identify Variables; 3, Assign Probability Distributions; 4, Run Simulations; 5, Analyze Results; 6, Make Decisions; after the last step the cycle returns to the first.Define the ProblemClearly state the problemand objectives.1Identify VariablesList the uncertainvariables affecting the…2Assign ProbabilityDistributionsDetermine the probabilitydistributions for…3Run SimulationsPerform a large number ofsimulations to ge…4Analyze ResultsInterpret the results tounderstand risks a…5Make DecisionsUse the insights to informdecision-making.6

Monte Carlo simulation helps visualize the range of possible outcomes based on variable uncertainty.

About this model

A computational algorithm that relies on repeated random sampling to obtain numerical results, often used to assess risk in financial and operational contexts.

Originator not stated.

How to read it

  • Look for the distribution of outcomes to understand risk.
  • Identify the most likely scenarios and their probabilities.

What this does

Models the probability of different outcomes in a process that cannot easily be predicted due to the intervention of random variables.

When to use it

Use it when you need to understand the impact of risk and uncertainty in financial forecasts or project plans.

Not when: Do not use it when the underlying processes are deterministic or when data is insufficient to create a meaningful model.

What happens next

Consider a sensitivity analysis to identify key drivers of risk.

Golden thread

Builds on ←

  • Problem statement
  • Risk assessment

Feeds into →

  • Decision-making framework

Use this tool, free

Sign in to open the worksheet. Your work saves as you type, the AI can draft the parts you have not filled in, and you finish with an analysis and a 30/60/90-day action plan.

Drafted with AI and reviewed by Eccellere on 04/11/2026. Guidance, not advice: apply your own judgement.